Friday, February 11, 2011

Homework #5: Facts vs. Opinions

Read the article “Life After Death?” and indicate whether this reading has a tendency towards objectivity or subjectivity. In order to accomplish this aim, state the topic sentence (or the thesis statement) and provide four arguments that support your claim. Reflect upon the passages you selected and explain if they are factual information or just opinions given by the author.

17 comments:

  1. Homework 5
    This Reading has a tendency towards subjectivity.
    The topic sentence is: “Evidence for possible survival of bodily death comes mainly from research on the following phenomena: apparition experiences collectively perceived, some types of out-of –body experiences, certain aspects of near –death experiences, selected communications ostensibly coming from the dead”. Four arguments that support your claim are: - This “census of hallucinations, as it was called, netted many apparition experiences, as well as other phenomena, that were purely psychological. – Seeing is the most frequent sense modality that furnishes this experience. – The out –of- body experience is another phenomenon, in its best examples, seems to suggests something akin to short –term disembodied existence. – Messages interpreted as coming from the dead are reported in many cultures. These arguments are just opinions given by the author.

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  2. HOMEWORK #5:
    ARGUMENTS:
    1. The exact nature of observations of stimuli in collective cases is still unknown, but apparitions that are collectively seen do suggest a disembodied agency. (Opinion).

    2. Apparently the evidence is not yet strong enough to sway scholars whose philosophy has no place for disembodied existence. (Opinion).


    3. It is more impressive if the visit is not announced beforehand but comes as a surprise. (Opinion).

    4. Apparitions are experienced in many ways. Seeing is the most frequent sense modality that furnishes this experience. (Opinion).

    In conlusion, the author is tendency in writing the text is likely to be Subjectivity.

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  3. Topic sentence

    Phenomena suggestive of afterlife have been reported throughout the history of various cultures.

    Arguments:

    1. However, people have also been criticized for holding to a belief in afterlife, especially as this view has come under attack in the modern era. (Opinion).

    2. Well-organized, systematic studies of apparitions started after the Society for Psychical Research (SPR) was founded in England in 1882. (Fact).

    3. The out-of-body experience (OBE) is another phenomenon which, in its best examples, seems to suggest something akin to short-term disembodied existence. (Opinion).

    4. Messages interpreted as coming from the dead are reported in many cultures. (Opinion).

    In conclusion: The author´s tendency in writing the text is likely to be subjective.

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  4. topic sentence.
    LIFE AFTER DEATH.
    1.people have also been criticized for holding to a belief in afterlife, especially as this view has come under attack in the modern era.( opinión)
    2. Apparitions usually are of short duration, less than a minute. They can be a once in a lifetime experience, or recurrent.( opinión)
    3. Some were thought to be hallucinations, the cognitive content of which was derived from a telepathic message that is then projected out like a mental slide, from retrocognition or sudden glance of events in a time long past (opinión).
    4. well-organized, systematic studies of apparitions started after the Society for Psychical Research (SPR) was founded in England in 1882.(fact)
    In conclusion the author writes the text subjectively

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  5. TOPIC SENTENCE

    - There is live after death

    ARGUMENTS

    1)Studies of Apparitions: Apparition experiences,Modern advances in psychology, psychiatry, sociology, and forensic sciences are incorporated, as well as techniques of qualitative and quantitative investigation.
    -> fact

    2)Out-of-Body Experiences :There are cases on record where one or two external observers "see" the person experiencing an OBE as an apparition at the same time as the person experiences himself as visiting the observers (Landau, 1963). It is more impressive if the "visit" is not announced beforehand but comes as a surprise.
    ->FACT

    3)Messages Ostensibly from the Dead : Messages coming in dreams are sometimes suggestive
    ->OPINION

    4)It has been argued that if messages from the dead are to be verifiable, they have to be checked either with a living person, records, or objects
    ->OPINION

    AUTHOR´S TENDECY-> SUBJETIVE

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  6. HOMEWORK #5
    UNIT 10
    Article “Life after Death”
    Topic sentence: Apparition experiences and other phenomenal events
    Arguments support:
    1. An apparition experience is awareness of the presence of a personal being whose physical body is not in the area of the experiencer, provide the experiencer is sane and in a normal waking state of consciousness. (opinion)
    2. Apparitions are experienced in many ways. (Opinion).
    3. Apparitions cases that involve physical action are very unnerving to the experients because they cannot be readily explained away as hallucinations and, instead, forcefully suggest an external agency. (Opinion).
    4. The researcher’s own philosophical outlook seems to have a strong influence on the conclusions that are reached. (Opinion).
    In conclusion, the author’s tendency in writing the text is likely to be: subjective

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  7. Topic sentence: In this age of science death is still a mystery left to our ever-changing belief systems.
    Arguments:
    1. The fact is that a large majority of Americans (73%) do affirm such a belief (Greeley, 1987). FACT
    2. Apparition experiences were one of the first phenomena studied. In pioneering survey, 17000 respondents were contacted. This “census of hallucination”, as it was called, netted many apparition experience, as well as other phenomena that were purely psychological. FACT
    3. Parapsychological phenomena have also been reported to occur in states near death. These may have indirect bearing on the survival hypothesis because they shed some light on spontaneous OBEs. FACT
    4. Assessments of the evidence vary greatly among researchers, ranging from those who find no acceptable evidence for survival (Siegel 1980) to those who find certainty (Hart, 1959). FACT
    In conclusion, the author’s tendency in writing the text is likely to be Objectivity.

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  8. Topic Sentence: Life after death.
    Arguments:
    1. Phenomena suggestive of afterlife have been reported throughout the history of various cultures. (fact)
    2. Apparitions are experience in many ways: seeing, sound, touch, smell, and temperatures changes or “felt presence”. (fact)
    3. The out-of-body experience is another phenomenon which, in its best examples, seems to suggest something akin to short-term disembodied existence. (Opinion)
    4. Messages interpreted as coming from the dead are reported in many cultures and sometimes are suggestive. (fact)
    Conclusion: The author writes the text subjectively.

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  12. Topic Sentence: In this age of science, death is still a mistery left to our ever-changing belief systems.

    Arguments:

    1. Reports were analyzed and published in two major works: Gurney et al (1886) and Myers (1903). Several other collections appeared later, such as those by bennett (1939), Green and McCreery (1975), Jacobson (1973), and Jaffé (1979).FACT

    2. The apparition might look so lifelike that it is mistaken for a flesh-and-bones person - only sudden vanishing gives away its ghostly nature.OPINION

    3. In one experiment, a kitten on the laboratory was measurably quieter at randomly selected intervals when its master made OBE ¨visits¨(Morris et al, 1978). FACT

    4. When death approaches us or our dear ones, the research findings mentioned above might be useful to these believers and, possibly, to some others, especially if they themselves have experienced phenomena suggestive of afterlife. OPINION.

    In conclusion, the author is so subjective and objective in the article mentioned, the evidence presented and the views.

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  13. Pamela Barboza
    Topic Sentence: Life after death.
    1. The fact is that a large majority of Americans (73%) do affirm such a belief (Greeley, 1987). FACT
    2. Phenomena suggestive of afterlife have been reported throughout the history of various cultures; for example, Plato, in The Republic. FACT
    3. Apparition experiences were one of the first phenomena studied. In pioneering survey, 17000 respondents were contacted. This “census of hallucination”, as it was called, netted many apparition experiences, as well as other phenomena that were purely psychological. FACT
    4. Apparitions are experienced in many ways. OPINION
    5. Some were thought to be hallucinations, the cognitive content of which was derived from a telepathic message that is then projected out like a mental slide, from retrocognition or sudden glance of events in a time long past. OPINION
    6. Messages interpreted as coming from the dead are reported in many cultures. OPINION
    In conclusion, the author’s tendency in writing the text is likely to be: subjective.

    ReplyDelete
  14. UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA
    Sede Occidente
    LM1030
    MARIANA CABRERA ARAYA – A81118

    Homework Nº5: UNIT 10

    1) Topic Sentence:
    “Evidence for possible survival of bodily death comes mainly from research on the following phenomena: apparition experiences collectively perceived, some types of out-of-body experiences, certain aspects of near-death experiences, selected communications ostensibly coming from the dead… Assessments of the evidence vary greatly among researchers, ranging from those who find no acceptable evidence for survival (Siegel, 1980) to those who find certainly (Hart, 1959).”

    2) 4 arguments:
    a. “phenomena suggestive of afterlife have been reported throughout the history of various culture; for example, Plato, in The Republic, described out-of body journeys of soldier, (…)” (FACT)
    b. “Methods for researching apparition experiences were largely developed by the SPR” (FACT)
    c. “Apparitions usually are of short duration, less than a minute” (OPINION)
    d. “Apparently, the evidence is no yet strong enough to sway scholars whose philosophy has no place for disembodied existence” (OPINION)

    3) Tendency: Subjectivity

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  15. Jorge Funes Orellana
    This reading has tendency subjectivity.
    Evidence for possible survival of bodily death comes mainly from research on the following phenomena: apparition experiences collectively perceived, some types of out-of –body experiences, certain aspects of near –death experiences, selected communications ostensibly coming from the dead…Assessments of the evidence vary greatly among researchers, ranging from those who find no acceptable evidence for survival to those who find certainty.
    1. However, people have also been criticized for holding to belief in afterlife.
    2. But the strength of conviction in both camps appears to be wear.
    3. When death comes to oneself or to the immediate family, many want to know, rather than to depend on belief alone
    4. Seems to suggests something akin to short –term disembodied existence.
    In these examples, the author analyzes and critiques the ideas from their point of view, so the text has a subjective tendency

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  16. Topic Sentence:
    Life after death.

    Arguments:
    1. In this age of science, death is still a mystery left to our ever-changing belief systems. (Opinion)

    2. Dante, the towering genius of his time, describes his beliefs in Convito: "I say, that of all idiocies, that is most stupid, most vile, and most damnable which holds that after this life there is no other." (Fact/Opinion)"More Opinion"

    3." However, people have also been criticized for holding to a belief in afterlife, especially as this view has come under attack in the modern era. (Opinion)

    4.When death comes to oneself or to the immediate family, many want to know, rather than to depend on belief alone. (Opinion)

    In conclusion, the autho´s tendency in writing the text is likely to be Subjectiva.

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  17. Homework # 5.
    Estudiante: Milena Granados Alfaro
    Topic Sentence:
    Life after death: In this age of science death is still a mystery left to our ever-changing belief systems.
    Arguments:
    1- The fact is that a large majority of Americans (73%) do affirm such a belief (Greeley, 1987). FACT
    2- Well-organized, systematic studies of apparitions started after the Society for Physical Reseach (SPR) FACT
    3- Parapsychological phenomena have also been reported to occur in states near death. These may have indirect bearing on the survival hypothesis because they shed some light on spontaneous OBEs. FACT
    4- There are cases on record where one or two external observers "see" the person experiencing an OBE as an apparition at the same time as the person experiences himself as visiting the observers (Landau, 1963). It is more impressive if the "visit" is not announced beforehand but comes as a surprise. FACT
    Tendence: Objective.

    ReplyDelete